Today we're going to look for the Ontario swing voter.
Building on our prior experience with correlations, we decided to look for the census data that corresponded the closest with small electoral margins.
Small margins = swing voters, according to our thinking. Opportunities for growth for the parties.
The result of our search was rather surprising.
Actually, we'll spare you, because the table is 300+ lines long. You'll find it at the bottom.
A Fantastic Voyage
We are really going to abuse some numbers today. My dusty old social research book should get here soon. In the meantime, let's just go with the numerical flow.
We came up with a long list of numbers and data (the stuff at the very end of this article), saw what looked good correlations-wise, and thought "Hmmm."
It looks like the high school-educated and retail workers have the lowest correlation to high vote margins.
Or, if you look at it the other way, the high school-educated and retail workers should have some of the highest correlations to low vote margins!
Add to that a smattering of young people demographics, and again we were intrigued.
It reminded us of the articles on shifts in support we did earlier. A lot of these constituencies looked like the NDP voters we saw from last time.
Correlation Mash-Up
In a whim, we multiplied these correlation coefficients with the ones found in the census data correlations we made public in our data file.
What we got was another table full of "correl-isions" — made up of correlations to swing voters (or our proxy of it anyway), times correlations to party support in 2011, as a percentage of votes.
To us, it seemed like this might stand in for a good measure of how "attainable" these swing voters are for the various parties.
Here's the result we got for the Ontario NDP, or at least the top 20 lines of a 330-row file:
| Demographic (with Ontario-wide figure in parentheses) | Correlation to Percent Margin in 2011 (% of votes) | Correlation to NDP, as percent of Votes, 2011 | NDP "Correlision" |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3. Lived at the same address 1 year ago (86.6%) | -0.244 | 0.375 | -0.092 |
| 4. Immigrant Before 1991 (15.7%) | -.197 | 0.385 | -0.076 |
| 6. Average household size (2.6) | -.182 | 0.406 | -0.074 |
| 9. Education 15 to 24: No certificate, diploma or degree (5.3%) | -0.22 | 0.301 | -0.066 |
| 10. Employed, 15 and over, transport: Car, truck, van, as passenger (8.3%) | -0.261 | 0.251 | -0.066 |
| 11. Education 15 to 24: High school certificate or equivalent (5.2%) | -0.337 | 0.193 | -0.065 |
| 12. Population 15 years and over reporting hours of unpaid care or assistance to seniors (20.5%) | -.178 | 0.359 | -0.064 |
| 14. Males 20 to 24 years (3.3% of pop) | -0.276 | 0.231 | -0.064 |
| 16. Legal status: Never legally married (single) (31.6%) | -.130 | 0.459 | -0.060 |
| 17. Canadian citizens age 18 and over (71.2%) | -.188 | 0.309 | -0.058 |
| 18. Females 19 years (0.7% of pop) | -0.263 | 0.209 | -0.055 |
| 19. Legal status: Separated, but still legally married (3.5%) | -.100 | 0.541 | -0.054 |
| 20. Education 15 and over: University certificate or diploma below bachelor level (4.1%) | -.119 | 0.452 | -0.054 |
What Does This Mean
The first line, the description of which ends with a "20% data", doesn't mean anything, really. It's the result of a subtotal used in the census data. So we can cross that out.
Looking at the +/- sign of the two ingredients to our "correlision" is important because some of these don't make sense otherwise: The second line suggests that older men, a (+) high-margin demographic (that is, one correlated with high margins in a riding) combined with a (-) statistical aversion for the NDP equals one of the NDP's prime pickup opportunities.
Unfortunately for the Dippers, we've seen elsewhere that older men tend to be conservative, as do those deriving a high portion of their income from "other" sources (e.g. investments). So we've gone and reddened the wrongly-signed rows to avoid wasting our time with them.
What's left? In order, the up-for-grabs demographics for the NDP:
- Lived at the same address 1 year ago
- Immigrant Before 1991
- [Larger] Households
- People aged 15 to 24 with no diploma or degree (these people are now 20-29 and might possibly have degrees now OR this might be related to the parents in the ridings back home)
- Employed people who ride to work in a car as a passenger
- People 15 to 24 in 2006, who have a High school or equivalent diploma (same disclaimer applies)
- People reporting hours of unpaid care for seniors
- Males 20 to 24 years (now 25 to 29, like your humble narrator)
- Unmarried persons
- Canadian citizens (that is, not ridings with high immigrant populations)
- 23 year old women
- Separated couples
- Those with university diplomas below bachelor level.
Shopping at Targets
Some of these groups make for better strategic opportunities than others.
For example: Canadian citizens (yes, only citizens can vote, but we've been looking at the riding level, not the individual level). It's hard to think up a policy initiative that specifically prompts left-leaning people in low-immigration communities to vote for you. This isn't Québec, after all.
How many people in Ontario are separated couples? In another Excel spreadsheet we've prepared, the population percentages are given for all these census categories in Ontario. We've added those figures to the side of the table, in parentheses.
From the size of these demographics, we can see that some of them don't make sense to target without some especially brilliant micro-targeting of the kind used in the US.
For example: "Females 19 years old" (now more like 24) seem like a hard group to capture. "Are you 24 years old and female? Vote for me!"
Driving Range
At the same time, our diagnosis of the NDP's commuter strategy seems reaffirmed: passengers of cars are one of the top demographics on the NDP "correlision" list, and at 8.3% of the population, carpoolers represent a relatively sizeable chunk of Ontario's voters.
Commuting drivers, another 71% of the Ontario population, are not far behind on the full NDP "correlision" list, at #29 (not shown)
During a recent snowstorm, Andrea Horwath even tweeted a word of warning for commuters:
On the ONDP website, some of this concern shows up in the micro-policies proffered there: 15% cut to auto insurance rates (we just went over car users). 5 day home care guarantee for seniors (Care for seniors is #12 on the list). On-the-job training for youth (young people are, as usual, well represented in our latest calculations for the NDP).
What about the other main Ontario parties?
Ontario Liberal Party
| "Correlision" | Correlation to Percent Margin in 2011 (% of votes) | Correlation to OLP, as percent of Votes, 2011 | L Correlision |
|---|---|---|---|
| Education 25 to 34: College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma (76) | -0.232 | 0.621 | -0.144 |
| Education 15 to 24: Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma | -0.23 | 0.594 | -0.137 |
| Education 15 and over: High school certificate or equivalent (67) | -0.206 | 0.612 | -0.126 |
| Employed, 15 and over, transport: Car, truck, van, as driver | -.189 | 0.610 | -0.116 |
| Education 15 to 24: College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma (72) | -0.204 | 0.553 | -0.113 |
| Immigrant: 2nd generation (58) | -.167 | 0.630 | -0.105 |
| Labour 15 and over, ind cat.: Wholesale trade | -0.211 | 0.478 | -0.101 |
| Pop 15 and over: Unemployed (88) | -.180 | 0.508 | -0.092 |
| 17 years | -0.199 | 0.457 | -0.091 |
| Population 15 years and over reporting hours looking after children without pay (98) | -0.25 | 0.357 | -0.089 |
| Education 35 to 64: High school certificate or equivalent (79) | -.148 | 0.583 | -0.086 |
| Knowledge of: English only | -.149 | 0.573 | -0.086 |
| Median monthly payments for owner-occupied dwellings ($) (44) | -.152 | 0.554 | -0.084 |
| Canadian citizens age 18 and over | -.188 | 0.436 | -0.082 |
| Immigrant Before 1991 | -.197 | 0.412 | -0.081 |
| Knowledge of: Neither English nor French | -.146 | 0.553 | -0.081 |
| Total pop, Location of study: No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree | -0.219 | 0.369 | -0.081 |
| Number of male lone-parent families | -0.249 | 0.312 | -0.078 |
| Households containing a couple (married or common-law) with children (32) | -0.21 | 0.369 | -0.077 |
The data for the Ontario Liberal party was noisier, but also interesting. Some of the same or similar groups to the NDP are listed here, which makes sense, as they would be the voters up for grabs. We find here a curious mix of well-educated 30-somethings, and people with high mortgage payments, combined with less prestigious groups: the unemployed (in 2006), high school dropouts, recent immigrants, no official language knowledge, single dads.
Some of these present some obvious opportunities, although I admit to being ignorant as to the electoral politics of the wholesale trade.
Ontario PC Party
| "Correlision" | Correlation to Percent Margin in 2011 (% of votes) | Correlation to PCs, as percent of Votes, 2011 | PC Correlision |
|---|---|---|---|
| Not in a common-law relationship | -0.252 | 0.555 | -0.140 |
| Education 25 to 34: High school certificate or equivalent (75) | -0.216 | 0.595 | -0.129 |
| Males 19 years | -0.252 | 0.401 | -0.101 |
| 15 to 19 years | -0.212 | 0.468 | -0.099 |
| Males 15 to 19 years | -0.209 | 0.474 | -0.099 |
| Other household types (34) | -.182 | 0.536 | -0.097 |
| Mother Tongue Other language(s) (46) | -.152 | 0.574 | -0.087 |
| Females 18 years | -0.234 | 0.366 | -0.086 |
| Canadian citizens under age 18 | -0.201 | 0.422 | -0.085 |
| 20 to 24 years | -0.275 | 0.307 | -0.084 |
| Labour 15 and over: G Sales and service occupations | -0.244 | 0.337 | -0.082 |
| 19 years | -0.261 | 0.314 | -0.082 |
| Total population aged 25 to 34 (74) | -.187 | 0.410 | -0.077 |
| Total pop: Visible minority, n.i.e. (107) | -.147 | 0.522 | -0.077 |
| Pop 15 and over, worked in: English and non-official language | -.176 | 0.411 | -0.072 |
| Females 5 to 9 years | -.188 | 0.383 | -0.072 |
| 10 to 14 years | -.178 | 0.399 | -0.071 |
| 15 years | -.174 | 0.406 | -0.071 |
| Semi-detached houses - as a % of total occupied private dwellings | -.176 | 0.399 | -0.070 |
| Immigrant 1991 to 2000 | -.135 | 0.510 | -0.069 |
 |
| Home sweet common wall |
Interesting: Why are more recent immigrants apparently more Conservative than pre-1991 immigrants?
People in semi-detached houses, and those who worked in English and a non-official language are interesting categories for the PCs to target.
But what could the electoral strategy for those groups be?
Appendix
Meanwhile, for the data-obsessed, here are the correlations we calculated for margins of victory, mentioned at the beginning of this article.
Negative numbers may suggest a "swingy" demographic. Positive numbers suggest a dyed-in-the-wool voter of some sort.
Table 1 - Census category Pearson correlations to high margin Ontario 2011 victories
| Demographic | Pearson Correlation to 2011 Percent Margin in ridings (as a % of valid votes) |
|---|---|
| 0 to 4 years | -0.205 |
| 5 to 9 years | -.190 |
| 10 to 14 years | -.178 |
| 15 to 19 years | -0.212 |
| 15 years | -.174 |
| 16 years | -.183 |
| 17 years | -0.199 |
| 18 years | -0.228 |
| 19 years | -0.261 |
| 20 to 24 years | -0.275 |
| 25 to 29 years | -.188 |
| 30 to 34 years | -.171 |
| 35 to 39 years | -.162 |
| 40 to 44 years | -.151 |
| 45 to 49 years | -.153 |
| 50 to 54 years | -.124 |
| 55 to 59 years | -.048 |
| 60 to 64 years | .054 |
| 65 to 69 years | .086 |
| 70 to 74 years | .068 |
| 75 to 79 years | .022 |
| 80 to 84 years | .007 |
| 85 years and over | .044 |
| Median age of the population (3) | 0.228 |
| % of the population aged 15 and over | .126 |
| Male, total | -.186 |
| Males 0 to 4 years | -0.21 |
| Males 5 to 9 years | -.190 |
| Males 10 to 14 years | -.165 |
| Males 15 to 19 years | -0.209 |
| Males 15 years | -.181 |
| Males 16 years | -.176 |
| Males 17 years | -0.203 |
| Males 18 years | -0.222 |
| Males 19 years | -0.252 |
| Males 20 to 24 years | -0.276 |
| Males 25 to 29 years | -0.191 |
| Males 30 to 34 years | -.168 |
| Males 35 to 39 years | -.144 |
| Males 40 to 44 years | -.128 |
| Males 45 to 49 years | -.137 |
| Males 50 to 54 years | -.110 |
| Males 55 to 59 years | -.033 |
| Males 60 to 64 years | .065 |
| Males 65 to 69 years | .115 |
| Males 70 to 74 years | .084 |
| Males 75 to 79 years | .039 |
| Males 80 to 84 years | .033 |
| Males 85 years and over | .036 |
| Males Median age of the population | 0.255 |
| Males % of the population aged 15 and over | .131 |
| Female, total | -0.204 |
| Females 0 to 4 years | -0.199 |
| Females 5 to 9 years | -.188 |
| Females 10 to 14 years | -0.19 |
| Females 15 to 19 years | -0.215 |
| Females 15 years | -.164 |
| Females 16 years | -.189 |
| Females 17 years | -0.193 |
| Females 18 years | -0.234 |
| Females 19 years | -0.263 |
| Females 20 to 24 years | -0.271 |
| Females 25 to 29 years | -.183 |
| Females 30 to 34 years | -.172 |
| Females 35 to 39 years | -.175 |
| Females 40 to 44 years | -.168 |
| Females 45 to 49 years | -.164 |
| Females 50 to 54 years | -.134 |
| Females 55 to 59 years | -.062 |
| Females 60 to 64 years | .040 |
| Females 65 to 69 years | .053 |
| Females 70 to 74 years | .052 |
| Females 75 to 79 years | .008 |
| Females 80 to 84 years | -.009 |
| Females 85 years and over | .046 |
| Females Median age of the population | 0.209 |
| Females % of the population aged 15 and over | .115 |
| Not in a common-law relationship | -0.252 |
| In a common-law relationship | .066 |
| Total population 15 years and over by legal marital status (100% data) (5) | -.178 |
| Legal status: Never legally married (single) (6) | -.130 |
| Legal status: Legally married (and not separated) (7) | -.152 |
| Legal status: Separated, but still legally married (8) | -.100 |
| Legal status: Divorced (9) | .027 |
| Legal status: Widowed (10) | -.005 |
| Total private dwellings occupied by usual residents (20% sample data) (11) | -.052 |
| Single-detached houses - as a % of total occupied private dwellings | .050 |
| Semi-detached houses - as a % of total occupied private dwellings | -.176 |
| Row houses - as a % of total occupied private dwellings | -0.202 |
| Apartments, duplex - as a % of total occupied private dwellings (12) | -.024 |
| Apartments in buildings with fewer than five storeys - as a % of total occupied private dwellings (13) | -.032 |
| Apartments in buildings with five or more storeys - as a % of total occupied private dwellings | .062 |
| Other dwellings - as a % of total occupied private dwellings (14) | 0.25 |
| Number of owned dwellings (15) | -.128 |
| Number of rented dwellings (16) | .070 |
| Number of dwellings constructed before 1986 | .114 |
| Number of dwellings constructed between 1986 and 2006 (17) | -.155 |
| Dwellings requiring major repair - as a % of total occupied private dwellings | 0.235 |
| Average number of rooms per dwelling (18) | -.113 |
| Dwellings with more than one person per room - as a % of total occupied private dwellings (19) | -.013 |
| Average value of owned dwelling ($) (20) | .018 |
| Total number of census families (20% sample data) (21) | -.165 |
| Number of married-couple families (22) | -.149 |
| Number of common-law-couple families (23) | .059 |
| Number of lone-parent families | -0.22 |
| Number of female lone-parent families | -0.205 |
| Number of male lone-parent families | -0.249 |
| Average number of persons in all census families | -.181 |
| Average number of persons in married-couple families (24) | -.198 |
| Average number of persons in common-law-couple families (25) | -.086 |
| Average number of persons in lone-parent families | -.070 |
| Average number of persons in female lone-parent families | .024 |
| Average number of persons in male lone-parent families | -.050 |
| Median income in 2005 - All census families ($) (26) | -.078 |
| Median income in 2005 - Married-couple families ($) (27) | -.063 |
| Median income in 2005 - Common-law-couple families ($) (28) | -.079 |
| Median income in 2005 - Lone-parent families ($) | -.155 |
| Median income in 2005 - Female lone-parent families ($) | -.158 |
| Median income in 2005 - Male lone-parent families ($) | -.152 |
| Median after-tax income in 2005 - All census families ($) (29) | -.103 |
| Median after-tax income in 2005 - Married-couple families ($) (30) | -.072 |
| Median after-tax income in 2005 - Common-law-couple families ($) | -.075 |
| Median after-tax income in 2005 - Lone-parent families ($) | -.157 |
| Median after-tax income in 2005 - Female lone-parent families ($) | -.163 |
| Median after-tax income in 2005 - Male lone-parent families ($) | -.129 |
| Total private households (20% sample data) (31) | -.037 |
| Households containing a couple (married or common-law) with children (32) | -0.21 |
| Households containing a couple (married or common-law) without children (33) | .071 |
| One-person households | .135 |
| Other household types (34) | -.182 |
| Median income in 2005 - All private households ($) (35) | -.143 |
| Median income in 2005 - Couple households with children ($) (36) | -.088 |
| Median income in 2005 - Couple households without children ($) (37) | -.053 |
| Median income in 2005 - One-person households ($) | -.115 |
| Median income in 2005 - Other household types ($) (38) | -.133 |
| Median after-tax income in 2005 - All private households ($) (39) | -.146 |
| Median after-tax income in 2005 - Couple households with children ($) (40) | -.087 |
| Median after-tax income in 2005 - Couple households without children ($) (41) | -.061 |
| Median after-tax income in 2005 - One-person households ($) | -.118 |
| Median after-tax income in 2005 - Other household types ($) (42) | -.134 |
| Median monthly payments for rented dwellings ($) (43) | -.138 |
| Median monthly payments for owner-occupied dwellings ($) (44) | -.152 |
| Average household size | -.182 |
| Total population by mother tongue (20% sample data) (45) | -0.2 |
| Mother Tongue English only | -.003 |
| Mother Tongue French only | .001 |
| Mother Tongue English and French | .043 |
| Mother Tongue Other language(s) (46) | -.152 |
| Total population by knowledge of official languages (20% sample data) (47) | -0.2 |
| Knowledge of: English only | -.149 |
| Knowledge of: French only | -.066 |
| Knowledge of: English and French | .029 |
| Knowledge of: Neither English nor French | -.146 |
| Total population by home language (20% sample data) (48) | -0.2 |
| Home language: English | -.043 |
| Home language: French | -.044 |
| Home language: Non-official language | -.140 |
| Home language: English and French | .059 |
| Home language: English and non-official language | -.158 |
| Home language: French and non-official language | -.050 |
| Home language: English, French and non-official language | -.087 |
| Total population by immigrant status (20% sample data) (49) | -0.2 |
| Non-immigrants (50) | -.004 |
| Immigrants (51) | -.152 |
| Immigrant Before 1991 | -.197 |
| Immigrant 1991 to 2000 | -.135 |
| Immigrant 2001 to 2006 (52) | -.079 |
| Non-permanent residents (53) | -.067 |
| Canadian citizens | -0.217 |
| Canadian citizens under age 18 | -0.201 |
| Canadian citizens age 18 and over | -.188 |
| Not Canadian citizens (55) | -.112 |
| Immigrant: 1st generation (57) | -.153 |
| Immigrant: 2nd generation (58) | -.167 |
| Immigrant: 3rd generation or more (59) | .083 |
| Lived at the same address 1 year ago | -0.244 |
| Lived within the same province or territory 1 year ago, but changed addresses within the same census subdivision (municipality) | -.104 |
| Lived within the same province or territory 1 year ago, but changed addresses from another census subdivision (municipality) within the same province or territory | -.096 |
| Lived in a different province or territory 1 year ago | .112 |
| Lived in a different country 1 year ago | -.079 |
| Lived at the same address 5 years ago | -.139 |
| Lived within the same province or territory 5 years ago, but changed addresses within the same census subdivision (municipality) | -.175 |
| Lived within the same province or territory 5 years ago, but changed addresses from another census subdivision (municipality) within the same province or territory | -.092 |
| Lived in a different province or territory 5 years ago | .089 |
| Lived in a different country 5 years ago | -.072 |
| Total Aboriginal identity population (63) | .050 |
| North American Indian single response (64) | .169 |
| Métis single response | 0.211 |
| Inuit single response | .123 |
| Multiple Aboriginal identity responses | .185 |
| Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere (65) | 0.25 |
| Non-Aboriginal identity population | -0.192 |
| Total population 15 years and over by educational attainment (20% sample data) (66) | -.184 |
| Education 15 and over: No certificate, diploma or degree | -.103 |
| Education 15 and over: High school certificate or equivalent (67) | -0.206 |
| Education 15 and over: Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma | .026 |
| Education 15 and over: College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma (68) | -.098 |
| Education 15 and over: University certificate or diploma below bachelor level (69) | -.119 |
| Education 15 and over: University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor's level or above | -.052 |
| Education 15 to 24: No certificate, diploma or degree | -0.22 |
| Education 15 to 24: High school certificate or equivalent (71) | -0.337 |
| Education 15 to 24: Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma | -0.23 |
| Education 15 to 24: College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma (72) | -0.204 |
| Education 15 to 24: University certificate or diploma below bachelor level (73) | -.125 |
| Education 15 to 24: University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor's level or above | -.086 |
| Total population aged 25 to 34 (74) | -.187 |
| Education 25 to 34: No certificate, diploma or degree | -.133 |
| Education 25 to 34: High school certificate or equivalent (75) | -0.216 |
| Education 25 to 34: Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma | -.112 |
| Education 25 to 34: College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma (76) | -0.232 |
| Education 25 to 34: University certificate or diploma below bachelor level (77) | -.141 |
| Education 25 to 34: University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor's level or above | -.063 |
| Total population aged 35 to 64 (78) | -.183 |
| Education 35 to 64: No certificate, diploma or degree | -.080 |
| Education 35 to 64: High school certificate or equivalent (79) | -.148 |
| Education 35 to 64: Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma | .027 |
| Education 35 to 64: College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma (80) | -.066 |
| Education 35 to 64: University certificate or diploma below bachelor level (81) | -.128 |
| Education 35 to 64: University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor's level or above | -.047 |
| Total Pop: No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree | -0.219 |
| Total Pop, field of study: Education | -.060 |
| Total Pop, field of study: Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies | -.059 |
| Total Pop, field of study: Humanities | -.015 |
| Total Pop, field of study: Social and behavioural sciences and law | -.010 |
| Total Pop, field of study: Business, management and public administration | -.128 |
| Total Pop, field of study: Physical and life sciences and technologies | -.056 |
| Total Pop, field of study: Mathematics, computer and information sciences | -.129 |
| Total Pop, field of study: Architecture, engineering, and related technologies | -.125 |
| Total Pop, field of study: Agriculture, natural resources and conservation | .074 |
| Total Pop, field of study: Health, parks, recreation and fitness | .073 |
| Total Pop, field of study: Personal, protective and transportation services | -.015 |
| Total Pop, field of study: Other (83) | -.182 |
| Total pop, Location of study: No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree | -0.219 |
| Total pop, Location of study: Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree | -.094 |
| Total pop, Location of study: Inside Canada | -.021 |
| Total pop, Location of study: Outside Canada | -.106 |
| Total population 15 years and over by labour force activity (20% sample data) (85) | -.184 |
| Pop 15 and over: In the labour force (86) | -0.214 |
| Pop 15 and over: Employed (87) | -0.207 |
| Pop 15 and over: Unemployed (88) | -.180 |
| Pop 15 and over: Not in the labour force (89) | -.011 |
| Pop 15 and over: Participation rate (90) | -0.2 |
| Pop 15 and over: Employment rate (91) | -.170 |
| Pop 15 and over: Unemployment rate (92) | .005 |
| Labour 15 and over: A Management occupations (94) | -.089 |
| Labour 15 and over: B Business, finance and administration occupations | -0.191 |
| Labour 15 and over: C Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | -.120 |
| Labour 15 and over: D Health occupations | .010 |
| Labour 15 and over: E Occupations in social science, education, government service and religion | -.035 |
| Labour 15 and over: F Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | -.020 |
| Labour 15 and over: G Sales and service occupations | -0.244 |
| Labour 15 and over: H Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | -.081 |
| Labour 15 and over: I Occupations unique to primary industry | .082 |
| Labour 15 and over: J Occupations unique to processing, manufacturing and utilities | -0.19 |
| Labour 15 and over, ind cat.: Agriculture and other resource-based industries | .057 |
| Labour 15 and over, ind cat.: Construction | -.047 |
| Labour 15 and over, ind cat.: Manufacturing | -0.224 |
| Labour 15 and over, ind cat.: Wholesale trade | -0.211 |
| Labour 15 and over, ind cat.: Retail trade | -0.298 |
| Labour 15 and over, ind cat.: Finance and real estate | -.129 |
| Labour 15 and over, ind cat.: Health care and social services | .047 |
| Labour 15 and over, ind cat.: Educational services | -.097 |
| Labour 15 and over, ind cat.: Business services | -.117 |
| Labour 15 and over, ind cat.: Other services | -.036 |
| Population 15 years and over reporting hours of unpaid work (20% sample data) (96) | -0.195 |
| Population 15 years and over reporting hours of unpaid housework (97) | -.154 |
| Population 15 years and over reporting hours looking after children without pay (98) | -0.25 |
| Population 15 years and over reporting hours of unpaid care or assistance to seniors (99) | -.178 |
| Pop 15 and over, worked in: English | -.156 |
| Pop 15 and over, worked in: French | -.074 |
| Pop 15 and over, worked in: Non-official language | -.148 |
| Pop 15 and over, worked in: English and French | .038 |
| Pop 15 and over, worked in: English and non-official language | -.176 |
| Pop 15 and over, worked in: French and non-official language | -.173 |
| Pop 15 and over, worked in: English, French and non-official language | .032 |
| Employed, 15 and over: Worked at home | .015 |
| Employed, 15 and over: Worked outside Canada | -.165 |
| Employed, 15 and over: No fixed workplace address | -.118 |
| Employed, 15 and over: Worked at usual place | -0.284 |
| Employed, 15 and over: Worked in census subdivision (municipality) of residence | -.065 |
| Employed, 15 and over: Worked in a different census subdivision (municipality) within the census division (county) of residence | -.093 |
| Employed, 15 and over: Worked in a different census division (county) | -.077 |
| Employed, 15 and over: Worked in a different province | .014 |
| Employed, 15 and over, transport: Car, truck, van, as driver | -.189 |
| Employed, 15 and over, transport: Car, truck, van, as passenger | -0.261 |
| Employed, 15 and over, transport: Public transit | -.022 |
| Employed, 15 and over, transport: Walked or bicycled | .057 |
| Employed, 15 and over, transport: All other modes | .033 |
| Total population by visible minority groups (20% sample data) | -0.2 |
| Total visible minority population (103) | -.127 |
| Total pop: Chinese | -.069 |
| Total pop: South Asian (104) | -.105 |
| Total pop: Black | -.129 |
| Total pop: Filipino | -.050 |
| Total pop: Latin American | -.158 |
| Total pop: Southeast Asian (105) | -.154 |
| Total pop: Arab | -.094 |
| Total pop: West Asian (106) | -.035 |
| Total pop: Korean | -.037 |
| Total pop: Japanese | -.007 |
| Total pop: Visible minority, n.i.e. (107) | -.147 |
| Total pop: Multiple visible minority (108) | -.129 |
| Total pop: Not a visible minority (109) | -.006 |
| Median earnings - Persons 15 years and over ($) (111) | -.057 |
| Persons 15 years and over with earnings who worked full year, full time (counts) (112) | -0.225 |
| Median earnings - Persons 15 years and over who worked full year, full time ($) (113) | -.026 |
| Median income - Persons 15 years and over ($) (115) | -.062 |
| Median income after tax - Persons 15 years and over ($) (116) | -.045 |
| Earnings - As a % of total income | -0.213 |
| Government transfers - As a % of total income | .091 |
| Other money - As a % of total income | 0.234 |
| Income status of all persons in private households (counts) (118) | -0.264 |
| % in low income before tax - All persons | .040 |
| % in low income after tax - All persons | .038 |
| % in low income before tax - Persons less than 18 years of age | .037 |
| % in low income after tax - Persons less than 18 years of age | .040 |
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